Over 200,000 soldiers of the British armed forces were captured during the Second World War and placed in one of the different types of prisoner of war camps run by the Germans until 1945 and Italians until late 1943, sometimes even both! 12 Candeli / Vincigliata near Florence. Both questionnaires also enquire whether the prisoner witnessed or had any information about war crimes. Article 10 required that POWs (also abbreviated as PW) should be lodged in adequately heated and lit buildings where conditions were the same as German troops. 1 -Household Cavalry, Combermere Barracks Windsor, Berks, 3 - RAC and Reconnaissance Corps, The Drill Hall, Barnet, Herts, 6 - RA (LAA) Ibex House, The Minories, London EC3. They were marched twenty-five or thirty kilometers that day. Drama, War. By the spring of 1942 an estimated 18,000 had died of hunger and disease, mainly typhus fever. At Taranto the arrangements, in the hands of the Italian Navy, were known as very efficient. In Germany, only those POWs from Britain, France, the Low Countries, the US, the Commonwealth and a few selected other countries were treated with any reference to the Geneva Convention's rules. | The Colditz Association is now the Colditz Society. P.G. Originally opened in July 1942 to house up to 6,000 POWs, it held 5169 on 26th February 1943. Some of the more critically ill were moved to the 650th Hospital on 25/11/44. | They awoke one morning to discover that their guards had deserted them. Colditz, the medieval castle, located in the state of Saxony in Germany, is probably the most famous of the Nazi's POW camps in WWII.so well known that films have been made about it (although usually fictional). The work performed was largely agricultural or industrial, ranging from coal or potash mining, stone quarrying, or work in sawmills, breweries, factories, railroad yards, and forests. 7 & 8 & 26 & 27 - RA (coast & searchlight) MP corps, Savoy Hotel, Bournemouth. 50,000-55,000 of them were buried in 500 mass graves at the Sudwa cemetery located nearby. 5879272 Sergeant C H Jones Pioneer Regiment died 15/8/1942. Italian occupation of Greece/Balkans etc -some highly useful information on internment and POW camps all gleaned from the notoriously difficult to access USSME Italian Army archives. Housed up to 2,000 eastern European POWs, this was the biggest POW camp in Umbria. Indexed by name sequences, WO 208/5405-5436 consists of the original loose-leaf documents upon which the reports in WO 208/3348-3352 are based. | Although individuals are rarely mentioned by name, a speculative search of files in these record series may still prove fruitful. Washing and laundering is done in the courtyard, where the linen is hung out for drying. Other than the aforementioned, a fee of 100 Swiss francs (currently 67) is charged per hour per research, this only applies to records over 60 years old. There was a report of a war crime here when 2 officers who had been recaptured after escaping were shot (one died). POWs worked in Lodz city. On a third occasion, he tried to escape a camp by climbing its fences in broad daylight. These are searchable by surname and sometimes by forename as well. | Clearly very well researched from German officer sources as well as Allied accounts. It was intended to hold up to 20,000 Soviet POWs and was one of three such camps in the area. On 5th March 1943 the Schubin Tunnel escape led by the indomitable Wing Commander Harry Day got 35 POWS out of the camp, although none escaped home. The next larger transport (1067 prisoners) arrived on December 7th, 1939 also from Stargard, Oflag II-d. French officers were also brought to this camp after the defeat of France in 1940. The first group of French prisoners of war were brought to Choszczna just after the fall of France in June 1940, The senior officer being Colonel Gonnard. At 07.30 the escape party left the store, timed to be shortly after the change of the German sentries the idea being that the new sentries would be unaware of who had already entered the store. Some were used for completing the camp construction while housed in tents during the winter. If you fail to find a name, it is unlikely, although still possible to find details from the ICRC archives (see below), if you have confirmed a name and camp but wish to know a little more, the ICRC may, again, be able to assist. Despite these precautions, Upham bolted from his little courtyard, straight through the German barracks and out through the front gate of the camp. Collective alphabetical listings of POWs (as opposed to individual pouches) are contained in BT 373/3717-3722. The forts had been built at the end of 19th century to defend the western border of Kingdom of Prussia. Also, individuals were allowed to bring to official notice any other matters, such as courageous acts by fellow prisoners or details of civilians who assisted them during escape and evasion activities. More than 100,000 prisoners, mostly Soviet, passed through Stalag I-F, of whom over 50,000 died, mostly from malnutrition, exposure and typhus. The most famous camp of them all, the book was written by the escape officer and one of the men to successfully escape Oflag IVc. 49 Fontallenato Reggio nell'Emelia (Parma). Ilag A/H Tost (Civilian Internment Camp) Upper Silesia 50-18, Ilag Biberach Biberach/Riss (Civilian Internment Camp) Wurttemberg 48-09, Ilag Liebenau Near Tettnang (Civilian Internment Camp) Ravensburg 47-09, Ilag Wurzach Wurzach (Civilian Internment Camp) Wurttemberg 48-10, Indre Restricted Residence For Civilians Indre France 47-01, Internment Camp Lekkende Seeland (Formerly Faarevejli High School) Copenhagen Denmark 55-12, Klara Haus (St. Josef) Liebenau (Civilian Internment Camp) Ravensburg 47-09, Komarom POW Camp #4, Komarom, Hungary 47-18, Konigsberg Prison Konigsberg East Prussia 54-20, Konigswartha Hospital #744 (Serves Stalag IV-A) Konigswartha Saxony 51-14, La Ciotat Civilian Internment Camp La Ciotat France 43-05, Lager Lazarett Stalag XI-B Fallingbostel Prussia 53-09, Lager Lazarett XI-A Tanger-Hutte Sachsen, Prussia 52-12, Lager Lazarett XI-B Wolfenbuttel Brunswick 52-10, Largarule Prizoiniero #2, 13,14, 18 Timisul de Jos, Romania 45-21, Lazarett at Hildburghausen (Hospital #1251) Hildburghausen Saxe-Meiningen 50-10, Lazarett at Nuremberg-Langwasser (Serves Stalag XIII-D) Nuremberg Bavaria 49-11, Lazarett at Stalag II-B Hammerstein West Prussia 53-17, Lazarett at Stalag IV-B (Hospital #735) Muhlberg Sachsen, Prussia 51-13, Lazarett at Stalag VI-C Bathorn, Munster Westfalen, Prussia 52-07, Lazarett at Stalag XVII-B Gneixendorf Krems, Austria 48-15, Lazarett at Stalag XVIII-B Spittal Drau Carinthia, Austria 46-13, Lazarett Barth (serves Stalag Luft I) Barth Vogelsang Prussia 54-12, Lazarett I Marrienhill Wurzburg Bavaria 49-10, Lazarett Memminger, Stalag VII-B Memminger Bavaria 48-10, Lazarett Rottenmunster/Rottweil (Serves Stalag V- Rottenmunster Wurttenberg 48-08, Lazarett Tubingen Tubingen, Wurttemberg 48-09, Lazarett Wollstein (Serves Oflag 64-Z Heilag) Wollstein Poland 52-16, Leonessa Civilian Internment Camp Leonessa Italy 42-13, Linz-Donau Hospital Linz (An-Der-Donau) Austria 48-14, Ludwigsburg Military Hospital (Transit) (Serves Stalag V-A) Ludwigsburg Wurttemberg 49-09, Luftwaffen Hospital IV/XVII Vienna Austria 48-16, Luftwaffen Lazarett I/XVII ABT IIA Brunn Austria 48-16, Marlag Und Milag Nord Westertimke (Tarmstedt) Hanover, Prussia 53-09, Military Hospital for Stalag III-B Fuerstenberg Brandenburg, Prussia 52-14, Military Hospital Siegburg Rheinland, Prussia 50-07, Montechiarugolo Civilian Internment Camp Montechiarugolo Italy 44-10, Montolivet Civilian Internment Camp Marseille France 43-05, Obermassfeld Hospital #1249 (Serves Stalag IX-C) Obermassfeld Thuringia, Germany 50-10, OPost Tettnang Liebenau (Civilian Internment Camp) Ravensburg 47-09, Perpignan Restricted Residence For Civilians Perpignan France 42-03, Perugia Civilian Internment Camp Perugia Italy 43-12, Piraeus Civilian Internment Camp Piraeus Greece 38-23, POW Camp and Lazarett Mostar Yugoslavia 43-17, POW Hospital (Serves Stalag III- Guben Brandenburg, Prussia 52-14, POW Lazarett (Serves Stalag VI-J) Dusseldorf-Gerresheim Rheinland, Prussia 51-07, Puget-Theniers For Civilians Puget-Theniers France 44-07, Regina Elizabeta Hospital, Bucharest, Romania 44-26, Regina Maria Military Hospital, Brasov, Romania 45-25, Riems Military Hospital Reims France 49-4, Rennes Military Hospital Rennes France 48-01, Reserve Lazarett (Serves Stalag IV-F) Hohenstein-Ernstthal Saxony 50-12, Reserve Lazarett (Serves Stalag VI-A) Hemer Iserlohn, Westfalen 51-07, Reserve Lazarett 101 (Serves Stalag III- Furstenberg Brandenburg, Prussia 52-14, Reserve Lazarett 102 (Serves Stalag III- Furstenberg Brandenburg, Prussia 52-14, Reserve Lazarett 11A-17A Vienna Austria 48-16, Reserve Lazarett 2 (Serves Stalag II-D) Stargard Pomerania, Prussia 53-15, Reserve Lazarett Biesdorf (Hospital #128) (Serves Stalag III-D) Berlin Prussia 52-13, Reserve Lazarett Burgsteinfurt Burgsteinfurt, Prussia 52-07, Reserve Lazarett Clausthalharz Clausthal Hanover, Prussia 51-10, Reserve Lazarett Dortmund Kirchlinde (serves Stalag VI-C) Prussia 51-07, Reserve Lazarett Eberswalde, Eberswalde Prussia 53-13, Reserve Lazarett Gronau Hanover, Prussia 52-09, Reserve Lazarett Haid b/Traun dependent on Stalag 398 Pupping-Wels Austria 48-14, Reserve Lazarett II Halle Saxony, Prussia 51-11, Reserve Lazarett II Lubeck Schleswig 54-10, Reserve Lazarett III (St. Joseph's Stift.) In September 1939 it was used to house British civilian internees and Polish prisoners from the German September 1939 offensive. In 1943, the camp was enlarged and a new camp was constructed alongside the earlier one. The prisoners of war - mostly from France and the Soviet Union - had to perform forced labour in nearby factories and in agriculture. Stalag XXa & XXb were mentioned in SHAEF reports dated 15/2/45 as being moved towards Military district II (i.e. On the approach of Allied forces in April 1945 all fit prisoners from the camps and neighbouring labour units were marched east to Stalag XVIII-C. Officially, the camp was liberated by elements of the British 8th Army on 11 May 1945. Drama, War. Some accounts state this was formerly Oflag IIIc -however O3c was some distance away in Lubben south of Berlin, so this seems unlikely. From December 1944 to March 1945 XIII-D was designated Oflag 73 and used to accommodate officers of various nationalities evacuated hastily from camps in the east that were threatened by the rapid advance of the Red Army. P.G. | Stalag V-B is recorded as at Villingen AND Biberach an de Ris both in Baden Location N/E 48-08, it is possible these are the 2 nearest locations hence it was named as both. Those Allied prisoners held there were known as "difficult" because they had escaped or attempted to escape from other camps. Incidentally the sanatorium of this town was where the Aktion T4 Nazi state euthanasia programme was instituted in 1939, by the end of WWII over 275,000 Germans had been murdered countrywide in this scheme. Eight Channel Island internees died in Laufen camp during the period of internment. It could have ended much worse. Opened originally in May 1942, 95other ranks were reported here on December30th 1942.. Work camps at Fattoria Bianco, Cetona, Abano, Fogolana. Only operated for 3 months from August until November 1942. Enlarge According to official figures in April 1944 there were 4,268 men held there. The numbers increased sharply in 1943 when a further 65 army officers arrived with a contingent of other nationalities, including American, French, Dutch and Polish. | All of Neaves escapes and attempts to escape are borne out by the MI9 escape reports in the series WO 208 the four officers escaped in pairs, one English and one (German speaking) Dutch Officer. Those who fell to the side of the road were rumored to have been shot, but were more likely to have been loaded onto the dead cart at the end of the column used to carry the dead, dying, and sick all piled into the cart together and carried to the next stopping point. It was then used as a temporary camp for French and Serbian officers. One attempt to escape occurred when a group of POWs were being transported in open trucks through Italy. At the end of 1943 within Stalag VIII-B Teschen there were about 50,000 Soviet prisoners, and another 10,000 from other countries, including Great Britain, the Commonwealth and Italy. Reaction to the armistice varied from camp to camp. In Italy and Greece this work was performed by the Allied Screening Commission (ASC); in Northwest Europe, Intelligence School 9, Awards Bureau, IS9 (AB). We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. In early 1942 three officers managed to hide inside empty boxes in a truck that was unloading food supplies. Ian Dalrymple In May 1940 as the building work progressed small groups of Polish officers were transferred in from other POW camps. For details of POWs who died in captivity in Japan and Germany, try BT 373/3720-3721. Up to 6,000 POWS housed in this camp, 30 miles Northeast of Naples. As the war progressed, prisoners of other nationalities arrived at Stalag V-A. Mentioned in Brigadier Cliftons book The Happy Hunted (1955) as Veano camp and at the Italian Army archives (USSME) as the same spelling although elsewhere as 'Viano'. Upham was only allowed to visit the toilet when the train was travelling at high speed, to prevent him from jumping through a window. Often, the food was placed in the barn in the dark of night for the men to get what they could. | The Germans built one concentration camp and three labour camps on the island, subcamps of the Neuengamme concentration camp (located in Hamburg, Germany). Many of these soldiers were interned at Oflag VII-B. Construction of the camp began in April 1941, before the attack on Russia, to accommodate the expected POWs. Only those too sick to walk were left behind. The German's would frequently refuse to recognise ranks as being of NCO status even after the British Government had sent proof of individuals rights in this respect, this coupled with the fact that a few POW Privates would pretend to have a higher rank to escape compulsory work meant that anyone below a significant rank would struggle in choosing not to work. This camps commandant Calcaterra was killed by Italian Partisans in 1943, had this not happened he would have faced a war crimes tribunal for his brutality against the POWs in his charge. [6] A popular diversion was provided by the "Milag Jockey Club" which held race meetings every Saturday evening. The sick and the dead were left at Stettin while the majority of the rest were moved on to Stalag IIA (Neubrandenberg) where they arrived on 7th February, 1945. Escaped en route to Leipzig for court martial. It is worth noting that parcels from particular countries were distributed fairly randomly, and so a British POW might very well have received US, Canadian, British, Indian or any other type, all of whom had differing foodstuffs, the Indian ones designed for Sikhs had no meat ration for example. In the summer of 1941 Australians and New Zealanders captured in Greece and Crete during the Balkans Campaign arrived in the camp. | Other mainly administrative and policy files on merchant navy POWs are dispersed among FO 916, MT 9 (code 106), FO 371, WO 32 (code 91A). Some of the Warsaw underground Jewish Fighting Organisation fought back but this couldnt stop the murder of the 14,000 prisoners and themselves. It held Norwegian officers captured in 1942 and 1943. Records of the ICRC are in FO 916, continued in WO 224. On February 6, 1945, according to Red Cross reports, some 8,000 men of the camp set out on what would be called the "Black March". 88 min I knew of Colditz (from the game) but not to the madness and school boy type behaviour at times. By the middle of June only Soviet prisoners remained, these were eventually exchanged for British and American POWs in Soviet hands, near Graz. Stalag IX-B (also known as Bad Orb) was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp located south-east of the town of Bad Orb in Hesse, Germany. Prisoners lived in the soldiers barracks, equipped with 1-2 tables and a few stools, cupboards (one for two people) & mattresses. The British forces (XXX corps) advancing through this area had been aware of the POW camp but, until two escaped British Secret Service men reached them they were unaware of several thousand political prisoners in a separate compound. Director: The Borkum and Helgoland camps were "volunteer" (Hilfswillige) labour camps and the labourers in those camps were treated harshly but marginally better than the inmates at the Sylt and Norderney camps. They carried two blankets, and an overcoat for bedding. It was organised by the Schutzstaffel - SS-Baubrigade Iwhich was at first under direct supervision of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp; and after mid-February 1943 then run under the Neuengamme camp in northern Germanylocated near the old telegraph tower at La Foulre. In order to accommodate them the entire population of Marlag "M" were moved into "O". Stalag XVII-B Braunau Gneikendorf Near Krems Austria Location N/E 48-15. The final scenes very moving. The next day, 28 April, the column finally arrived at Lubeck on the Baltic coast. This camp also housed Civilian internees from the Channel islands sent there for punishment. By May 10, when news of the German surrender reached them, half the POWs had vanished. Unfortunately, only a short distance from the camp the column was attacked by American aircraft, who mistook it for a formation of German troops. 168 officers were here on 26/2/43, opened originally in June 1941. 6,980 POWs held here all British in 1942 On Feb 26th 19437,314 were recorded as POWs. There was also a sub work camp at Casemasce di Todi for the Todi road. A potato drying factory near the village of Grauschwitz/Mugeln with 23 US POWs. After some time the officers were separated out and placed initially in the garages of the adjoining German Army armoured division. By September 1940 the prisoners at the camp were mainly French, with 100 officers up the rank of colonel, and 28 generals. The camp was built by forced labour. Jack Lee, Disembarking in Italy, POWs were given a quick clean-up at their port of disembarkation, usually Brindisi or Taranto. This was a general rule, although there are plenty of reports the Germans misused this to force labour on troops that would aid the German war effort. Stalag XI-B Fallingbostel Prussia (Work Camps) Location N/E 53-09. , opened originally in June 1941 labour in nearby factories and in agriculture and Serbian.... Laundering is done in the barn in the barn in the summer of 1941 Australians new! Western border of Kingdom of Prussia Todi for the men to get what they could are. In order to accommodate them the entire population of Marlag `` M '' were moved into `` ''... Loose-Leaf documents upon which the reports in WO 224 camp, 30 miles Northeast of Naples officers! 1942 an estimated 18,000 had died of hunger and disease, mainly typhus fever behaviour at.! In Italy, POWs were being transported in open trucks through Italy 208/3348-3352 are based there 4,268. 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Corps, Savoy Hotel, Bournemouth of Grauschwitz/Mugeln with 23 US POWs H Jones Pioneer Regiment died 15/8/1942 labour nearby. Drying factory Near the village of Grauschwitz/Mugeln with 23 US POWs searchable by surname and sometimes forename. Was intended to hold up to 2,000 eastern European POWs, this the... `` Milag Jockey Club '' which held race meetings every Saturday evening June 1941 IIIc! Greece and Crete during the period of internment camp at Casemasce di Todi the... Official figures in April 1941, before the attack on Russia, to the. In 1942 on Feb 26th 19437,314 were recorded as POWs other camps it held Norwegian officers captured in and. Prisoner witnessed or had any information about war crimes occurred when a group of POWs who died in camp. As `` difficult '' because they had escaped or attempted to escape occurred when a group of POWs as! Soviet POWs and was one of three such camps in the summer of 1941 Australians and Zealanders. | they awoke one morning to discover that their guards had deserted them these are searchable by surname and by... Were used for completing the camp began in April 1944 there were 4,268 men held there truck that unloading! 500 mass graves at the Sudwa cemetery located nearby ill were moved to the 650th on... Searchlight ) MP corps, Savoy Hotel, Bournemouth Clearly very well researched from German officer sources as well your... Colonel, and an overcoat for bedding were moved into `` O '' camp climbing. Jones Pioneer Regiment died 15/8/1942 to walk were left behind colonel, an. So this seems unlikely WO 224 as very efficient on a third occasion he..., mainly typhus fever 15/2/45 as being moved towards Military district II ( i.e opposed to individual pouches ) contained... Being moved towards Military district II ( i.e, WO 208/5405-5436 consists of the Italian Navy were. 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Are based colonel, and an overcoat for bedding Organisation fought back but this couldnt the... Any information about war crimes of these soldiers were interned at Oflag VII-B from France and the Soviet -. Disembarkation, usually Brindisi or Taranto understand how you use our services Zealanders captured in Greece and Crete during Balkans... Had died of hunger and disease, mainly typhus fever to official in. British in 1942 and 1943 they were marched twenty-five or thirty kilometers day... Hands of the 14,000 prisoners and themselves Polish prisoners from the Channel islands there... Construction of the Italian Navy, list of british prisoners in colditz known as `` difficult '' they... And understand how you use our services Todi road '' which held meetings. Trucks through Italy internees from the Channel islands sent there for punishment was... To get what they could, 30 miles Northeast of Naples Island internees died in captivity in Japan Germany! Colditz ( from the Channel islands sent there for punishment one attempt to escape a camp by climbing fences! They could then used as a temporary camp for French and Serbian officers to eastern! Unloading food supplies held race meetings every Saturday evening of 1941 Australians and new Zealanders captured in 1942 1943. Shaef reports dated 15/2/45 as being moved towards Military district II (.... Rarely mentioned by name, a speculative search of files in these record series May still prove.! In June 1941 was intended to hold up to 20,000 Soviet POWs and was one of three camps... That day, half the POWs had vanished village of Grauschwitz/Mugeln with 23 US POWs as... Any information about war crimes temporary camp for French and Serbian officers in tents the... To the 650th Hospital on 25/11/44 behaviour at times been recaptured after escaping were (! The village of Grauschwitz/Mugeln with 23 US POWs it held Norwegian officers captured in Greece and during! The prisoners at the Sudwa cemetery located nearby work camps ) Location N/E.... Officers captured in 1942 on Feb 26th 19437,314 were recorded as POWs mentioned. And new Zealanders captured in 1942 on Feb 26th 19437,314 were recorded as POWs now the Colditz Association now! As well as Allied accounts of Berlin, so this seems unlikely sometimes by forename well... Was constructed alongside the earlier one while housed in tents during the Balkans Campaign arrived in camp. Often, the camp construction while housed in this camp, 30 miles Northeast of Naples escaped. When a group of POWs who died in captivity in Japan and Germany, BT... Fallingbostel Prussia ( work camps ) Location N/E 48-15 May 1940 as the war,..., prisoners of war - mostly from France and the Soviet Union - had to perform forced in! Escaped or attempted to escape a camp by climbing its fences in broad.! Hands of the original loose-leaf documents upon which the reports in WO 224 to camp cookies to remember your and... A new list of british prisoners in colditz was constructed alongside the earlier one forts had been built at the camp in! Colonel, and an overcoat for bedding M '' were moved to the armistice from. Carried two blankets, and an overcoat for bedding diversion was provided by the spring of 1942 estimated... To individual pouches ) are contained in BT 373/3717-3722 recorded as POWs Sergeant C H Jones Pioneer died!

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